نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیار، مرکز آموزش عالی امام خمینی (ره)، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی تهران ایران.
چکیده
اغلب گیاهان زینتی یکساله از طریق بذر تکثیر می‌شوند. بذر بعضی از این گیاهان به جهت سازگاری اکولوژیکی با شرایط محیطی دچار سختی در جوانه‌زنی هستند. به منظور بررسی تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف بر جوانه‌زنی بذرهای سه گیاه زینتی مریم گلی (Salvia grandiflora)، مینای چمنی (Bellis perennis) و گل مروارید(Alyssum maritimum) سه آزمایش مجزا در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در4 تیمار و4 تکرار انجام شد. این تیمار‌ها شامل خیساندن در جیبرلیک اسید با غلظتهای 100، 500 و 1000 پی‌پی‌ام و سولفوریک اسید 50% در زمان‌های 5، 10 و 20 دقیقه و تیمار سرمادهی طی 3 هفته و در دماهای صفر تا 2، 4-3 و 6-5 درجه سلسیوس و تیمار شاهد بودند. مقایسه میانگین‌‌ها با روش دانکن و توسط نرم افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار جیبرلیک اسید با غلظت هزار پی‌پی‌ام بیشترین تاثیر در درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی گل مروارید داشت. تیمار سرمادهی تاثیر معنی‌داری روی جوانه‌زنی نداشت و تیمار سولفوریک اسید باعث کاهش معنی‌دار جوانه‌زنی گل مروارید شد. غلظتهای مختلف جیبرلیک اسید و سرمادهی تاثیر معنی‌داری روی جوانه‌زنی گل مینا چمنی نداشت و سولفوریک اسید کاهش معنی‌دار جوانه‌زنی را باعث شد. جیبرلیک اسید در غلظت 1000 پی‌پی‌ام افزایش جوانه‌زنی مریم گلی را سبب شد. بیشترین مقدار جوانه‌زنی در مریم گلی در تیمار جیبرلیک اسید به میزان 1000 پی‌پی‌ام(65/76 درصد) و درجه حرارت 2-0، و سولفوریک اسید در زمان 20 دقیقه مشاهده شد.
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