نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، معاونت شناسایی و ثبت ارقام گیاهی، مؤسسه ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

2 کارشناس، مؤسسه ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

3 پژوهشگر، مؤسسه ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

شناسایی ارقام برای حفظ مالکیت معنوی آنها و تحریک خلاقیت به‌نژادگران اهمیت دارد. ارزیابی مورفولوژیکی یکی از تکنیک‌های اصلی برای شناسایی ارقام در مزرعه است که شامل آزمون‌های تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری (DUS) است. در این پژوهش در فصل‌های رشد 1401 و 1402 انجام شد و صفات مورفولوژیکی DUS شانزده رقم هیبرید C. spp L. (ده رقم C. pepo L. و شش رقم C. moschata L.) برای حفظ تنوع زیستی ارزیابی شد. از بین این صفات، بیست صفت اصلی، از جمله یازده صفت مرتبط با میوه، بر اساس نتایجScore PCA برای تسهیل عملکرد ارزیابی مزرعه‌‌ای و بهبود دقت شناسایی ارقام انتخاب شد. بر اساس نتایج شکل میوه (P30) شاخص مهمی در تمایز ارقام است که 11/13 درصد از واریانس مورفولوژیکی را پوشش می‌دهد. نمودار تجزیه و تحلیل مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) ارقام را به دو گروه متمایز C. pepo L. و C. moschata L. طبقه‌بندی کرد. ضریب تغییرات در بین صفات مورد بررسی از 5.34 تا 81.31 درصد متغیر بود. بر اساس تحلیل رتبه M-TOPSIS، ارقام Selena وWalth Ambutternut به‌ترتیب به‌عنوان برترین ارقام C. pepo L. وC. moschata L. بالاترین امتیاز را بدست آوردند.

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