نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه آموزشی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 دکتری، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه آموزشی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
چکیده
یکی از مهمترین عوامل محدودکننده جوانهزنی بذر لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata) تنش خشکی است. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی پیشتیمار بذر با نانوذرات دیاکسید تیتانیوم (TiO2) در شرایط تنش خشکی، بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل پیشتیمار بذر با نانوذرات TiO2 (صفر، 25 و 50 میلیگرم در لیتر) و تنش خشکی (صفر، 025/0-، 050/0-، 075/0- و 1/0- مگاپاسگال با استفاده از پلیاتیلنگلایکول 6000) بود. نتایج نشان داد که پیکهای جذبی پهن در ناحیه cm-1 800-500 و cm-1 3600-3200 مربوط به ارتعاشات کششی گروههای Ti-O-Ti و O-H بودند. نانوذرات TiO2 شکل کروی داشتند. افزایش تنش خشکی به طور قابل توجهی درصد جوانهزنی و شاخصهای طولی و وزنی را کاهش داد. کمترین درصد جوانهزنی بذر در پتانسیل اسمزی 1/0- مگاپاسگال ثبت شد که در مقایسه با شاهد 83 درصد کاهش یافت. پیشتیمار بذر با غلظتهای 25 و 50 میلیگرم در لیتر TiO2 تفاوت معنیداری در افزایش جوانهزنی بذر نداشت، با این حال غلظت 50 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوذرات TiO2 اثر منفی بر ویژگیهای جوانهزنی بذر داشت. پیشتیمار با غلظت 25 میلیگرم در لیتر نانوذرات TiO2 سبب افزایش 15 درصدی طول ساقهچه شد. همچنین شاخص بنیه بذر در این غلظت در تمام سطوح تنش خشکی افزایش یافت. فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و محتوی پرولین در پتانسیل اسمزی 1/0- مگاپاسگال در مقایسه با شاهد بهترتیب 18 و 56 درصد افزایش یافت. نتایج نشاندهنده اثر وابسته به غلظت نانوذرات TiO2 در بهبود جوانهزنی و شاخصهای طولی و وزنی گیاهچه لوبیا چشم بلبلی بود.
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