Hamid Reza Darafshi; Seyyed Mohammad Javad Arvin; Fatemeh Nejad-Alimoradi
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological mechanisms, including; germination, growth, flowering and fruit ripening. Here, the impact of seed priming of tomato (Tina) with SA on indicators of seed germination, seedling growth and quantitative and qualitative characteristics ...
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Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological mechanisms, including; germination, growth, flowering and fruit ripening. Here, the impact of seed priming of tomato (Tina) with SA on indicators of seed germination, seedling growth and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruit was examined under field conditions. The treatments included seed priming in SA solution with zero, 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mM for a duration of 24 h. Then, the early seedlings obtained from SA priming (0.25 and 0.50 mM) were grown in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. The results showed that SA led to the significant increase in seed germination properties, also an increase in all the traits of the seedlings, the effect of 0.50 mM was more significant, so that compared to the control, this concentration increased the seed germination percentage and speed (16% and 28 % respectively) and the dry weight of seedling shoot (124%). Moreover, SA contributed to the enhancement of measured field traits and the qualitative of fruit extract, such as carotenoid, ascorbic acid levels, acidity and total soluble solids, and for all traits, except for the number and weight of fruit per plant, no difference was observed between the two concentrations of SA. The highest number and weight of fruit was obtained from the 0.50 mM treatment and the fruit yield increased by 75% compared to the control. Overall, due to the small consumption of chemicals and the ease of used, SA priming will help to reduce production costs.
Behrooz Salehi-Eskandari; Farzaneh Aslani
Abstract
Echinophora platyloba is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the family Apiaceae which is used as food seasoning and persevering in Iran and the shoots have medicinal properties. This study aimed to investigate treatments of moist chilling (0,30, 45, 70 and 90 days), gibberellic acid (GA3; 0, 500, ...
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Echinophora platyloba is an aromatic perennial plant belonging to the family Apiaceae which is used as food seasoning and persevering in Iran and the shoots have medicinal properties. This study aimed to investigate treatments of moist chilling (0,30, 45, 70 and 90 days), gibberellic acid (GA3; 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L) and scarification alone or a combination of these treatments for breaking seed dormancy of E. platyloba. The dormancy of the seeds was broken only after 90 days of moist chilling. Pretreatment GA only at the highest level (2000 mg/L) could induce seed germination (GP; 33%), the highest GP (50%) and germination index (GR; 3 seeds per day) was recorded in moist chilling treatment 45 days with GA3 treatment of 1000 mg/L. The lowest of GR was related to moist chilling treatment for 90 days and moist chilling treatment for 30 and 70 days with GA3 treatments of 500 and 2000 mg/L. The scarification treatment alone or combined with other treatments does not affect germination parameters.
Forough Firouzkoohi; Fatemeh Nasibi; Batool Keramat; Hadi Noori; Effat Ahmadi Mousavi
Abstract
Effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) Helium plasma treatments on guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seed germination and seedling growth were studied. Seeds were pretreated with 0, 1/44 and 0/68 W of cold plasma for 60 s. Salt stress experiment included three salinity levels of NaCl (0, 50 and 100 ...
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Effects of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) Helium plasma treatments on guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seed germination and seedling growth were studied. Seeds were pretreated with 0, 1/44 and 0/68 W of cold plasma for 60 s. Salt stress experiment included three salinity levels of NaCl (0, 50 and 100 mM). Results showed that plasma treatments had positive effects on seed germination and seedling (shoot length, root length, dry and fresh weight of shoot and root) , The treatment of 1.44 W of cold plasma had the most stimulating effect on the percentage of germination and growth of guar seedlings. Additionally, the application of Helium plasma treatments, considerably enhanced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and potassium(k) content in the leaves of guar plant. Thus, cold plasma treatment can be used an ameliorative way to the enhancement germination and improve seedling growth of guar against damage caused by salt stress. Key words: dielectric barrier discharge, seed germination, guar, cold plasma, salt stress
Ali Shayanfar; Samad Mobasser; Bita Oskouei; Leila Zare
Abstract
Camelina Cv. Soheil seed storability was assessed to simulate after-harvest condition till the following growing season. Seven seed samples were collected from Shirvan, Fasa, Marvdasht, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Sabzevar, and Ilam regions and saved for six months in two storage condition (with two temperatures ...
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Camelina Cv. Soheil seed storability was assessed to simulate after-harvest condition till the following growing season. Seven seed samples were collected from Shirvan, Fasa, Marvdasht, Kermanshah, Hamedan, Sabzevar, and Ilam regions and saved for six months in two storage condition (with two temperatures of 10 and 25ºC). Then, they were drow out monthly from storage condition to evaluate different seed germination index and vigour. Moisture seed content did not acced more than 10 percent in all treatments. Germination percentage and normal seedlings were more than 94% after 6 months of storage in all seed samples and two temperatures. Weight seedling vigour showed no significant differences in all samples, except the Sabzevar sample. The effects of three factors (seed samples, temperature and storage time) on rate germination index were difference. Seed physiological responses (in terms of rate germination) to 10 and 25ºC temperatures were similar until the fourth months in more samples. However, a declining process was observed from the fourth month at 25ºC and from the fifth month at 10ºC for these responses and accend minimum in six months. Two seed samples of Hamedan and Kermanshah showed higher rate of germination. In total, Camelina seeds showed high storage potential due to high germination percentage was recorded after six months of storage. In addition, if seeds stored for more than 4 months, plants in field condition lower germination rate will observe.
Ali Shayanfar; Bita Oskouei; Abbas Dehshiri; Hadis Afshar; Elahe Gheysari
Abstract
Randomized factorial design was implemented in four replications to determine optimal methods of Ajwain (Carum capticum) standard seeds germination. Ajwain seeds were placed top and between paper and sand exposed to two potassium nitrate (two grams per 1000 ml distilled water) and pre-chilling (seven ...
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Randomized factorial design was implemented in four replications to determine optimal methods of Ajwain (Carum capticum) standard seeds germination. Ajwain seeds were placed top and between paper and sand exposed to two potassium nitrate (two grams per 1000 ml distilled water) and pre-chilling (seven days under 7-10ºC) pre-treatments which were under six temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 20-30, and 35ºC) in germinator for 25 days so as to germination indices were assessed. Ajwain seeds viability was estimated 75% after tetrazolium test. The highest final and normal seedling percentages were found under 15 and 20ºC in pre-chilling treatment and also 20ºC in potassium nitrate and control. No germination was observed under 35ºC in potassium nitrate and control, however, pre-chilling led to >26% germination. The higher germination potential was shown in top and between papers compared with sand. The lowest germination rate was recorded in control and potassium nitrate and the highest one in pre-chilling. The maximum of seedling weight vigor was suggested in top and between paper when seeds were put under 10, 15, and 20ºC. In order to evaluate optimal standard germination of Ajwain seeds, it was resulted that applying of two potassium nitrate and pre-chilling treatments placed top and between papers under 15 and 20ºC caused maximum of germination potential and seedling weight vigor.
seyed abbas Mirjalili; elahe poorazizi
Abstract
Parsley, which today is classified as a vegetable, has many properties and is used in food and pharmaceutical industries. The seeds of the native populations of this plant do not have a good germination percentage and many efforts are being made to improve the growth and germination of the seeds. In ...
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Parsley, which today is classified as a vegetable, has many properties and is used in food and pharmaceutical industries. The seeds of the native populations of this plant do not have a good germination percentage and many efforts are being made to improve the growth and germination of the seeds. In order to investigate the seed germination rate of native stands and the effect of hydropriming treatment in increasing the germination power of the seeds of these stands, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design at four time levels (12, 24, 48 and 72 hours) against the control and with four replications among 24 native stands collected from different parts of the country and two populations with foreign origin imported were carried out. The results showed that the average seed germination percentage of the stands before treatment was 56.7% (the lowest rate was 20% in curled leaf Parsley stand and the highest was 78% in Jiroft 1 stand). Also, the hydropriming treatment had a significant effect at the level of 1% on the emergence of parsley seeds, and its greatest effect was in 24 hours. Also, the highest effect of treatment on Arak, Garmsar and Pich of Tehran was 21.8, 20.9 and 20%, respectively. The least effect of hydropriming was on the population of curled leaf parsley (7.4%). Totally, it was concluded that hydropriming can increase the germination percentage and quality of parsley seeds.
Mohadeseh Shamsaddin Saied
Abstract
Environmental stresses, including drought and salinity stress can play an important role in reducing plant growth and yield especially in the seedling establishment stage in arid and semi-arid climates of Iran.Therefore, identification of range plants tolerance to drought and salt is very important.To ...
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Environmental stresses, including drought and salinity stress can play an important role in reducing plant growth and yield especially in the seedling establishment stage in arid and semi-arid climates of Iran.Therefore, identification of range plants tolerance to drought and salt is very important.To assay the effect of different concentrations of drought and salinity on germination and early growth of camelthorn(Alhagi maurorum) two experiments were performed separately in a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory of Bardsir Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman.30 uniform seeds were sterilized with 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30 seconds and after washing the seeds three times with distilled water, they were placed in 9 cm Petri dishes on Whatman No. 2 filter paper.In the first experiment, polyethylene glycol solution (PEG6000) with concentrations of -1, -1.5 and -2 MPa was applied to obtain the osmotic potential, and in the second experiment, NaCl with concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mM was used.Distilled water was also applied to make zero stress(control)in both experiments. Results showed that camelthorn seeds were able to germinate at -2 MPa of drought potential and 200 mM salinity potential.However, increasing drought and salinity stress significantly reduced germination percentage and rate, seed vigor index, seedling dry weight, shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight.Assessing the response of this plant to different levels of drought and salinity in the germination stage and early growth of seedling is important for forage production, soil protection and medicinal value
Bahman Ahmadvand; F. Sharifzadeh; Mojtaba Mirabzadeh Ardakani
Abstract
In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ...
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In this research, Sesame (Sesamum indicum L var.shevin) seed germination characteristics under drought stress conditions influenced by different seed priming treatments were investigated. In two separate experiments, germination responses to different temperatures (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 ° C) and also different drought stresses (water potentials of -9, -11, -13 and -15 bar) were considered. Based on the results, 25 ° C was determined as optimum germination temperature. The -11 bar water potential was also determined as drought stress. Hydropriming and osmopriming of the seeds were performed at three temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 ° C. The duration of priming was determined based on the priming temperature and type. Calcium chloride osmopriming treatment was performed in three concentrations of 1, 2 and 3 mM. The seeds were primed using potassium nitrate in three concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. After priming using the mentioned treatments, the seeds were dried out to initial seed moisture content and then subjected to drought stress (-11 bar) during germination period to determine the best priming treatments. Priming treatments significantly improved seed germination characteristics under drought stress. Overall, The results of this experiment demonstrated that use of hydropriming for the seeds of sesame had the highest germination features. So this treatment can be presented as an appropriate treatment for this plant as it is cost-effective, safe and eco-friendly.
Khadijeh Sayahi; Amir Hossein Sari; A. Hamidi; Bahareh Nowruzi; Farshid Hassani
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran ...
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In order to investigate the effect of cold plasma on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean commercial cultivars, an experiment in the form of a nest-factorial design with four replications was performed at the Plasma Physics Research Center of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research Sciences Branch and Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI) in 2021. Seeds were exposed to cold plasma for 30, 60, 180, 300 and 420 seconds. In general, germination percentage from 0 to 66.97%, germination rate from 0 to 32.17%, germination index from 3.61 to 60.09%, mean germination time from 4.62 to 66.66%, root length 2.87 to 56.13%, seedling length 2.70 to 78.13%, normal seedling number 0 to 30.26% and seedling dry weight 1.36 to 36.63% increased compared to control treatment. The results of our study showed that 60 seconds treatment had the most positive effect on seed germination characteristics and seedling growth of soybean.
Arash Mamedi; F. Sharifzadeh; Reza Maali Amiri
Abstract
Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures ...
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Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures from -1 to 45°C.The results of the dent-like model showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of quinoa were -03.04 and 45.45°C, respectively, and the optimum temperature was from 20 to 35°C. To investigation the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination at 25°C, the seeds were exposed to osmotic potentials from 0 to -28 bar, which were made of sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, to induce stresses. The results showed that the reduction of osmotic potential up to -12 bar was not able to significantly reduce the germination components compared to normal conditions. However, with decreasing osmotic potential to -18 and -24 bar, the germination percentage decreased significantly. The germination was completely stopped at -24 bar of drought-induced, while 24% germination was observed at the same point of the salinity-induced osmotic potential. Therefore, seed germination capacity under salinity-induced stress was more tolerant than drought-induced stress at all levels of osmotic potentials. Most likely, due to the fact that quinoa is halophyte, by absorbing the ionic elements of salt, required for the maintenance of the cell turgor, which concurrent increase in cytosolic osmolality. Thus, this species has a great potential for distribution to other areas such as provinces with dry climate.
maryam Boroujerdnia; hamed hasanzadeh khankahdani
Abstract
This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient temperature, hot water ...
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This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient temperature, hot water 80 Ċ for 5 min, potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 1 and 2% for 24 h, sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 5 min, sulphuric acid (50% H2SO4) for 10 min and control (seeds were not treated). Results showed that the greatest percentage and speed germination and was observed in treatment of sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 5 min. The lowest Mean time to germination was obtained in sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 5 min followed by potassium nitrate at 1% . Maximum seed vigour index was observed in sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 5 min that had no had no significant difference with sulphuric acid (50% H2SO4) for 10 min and potassium nitrate (1 and 2%) for 24h. pre-treatment of distilled water and hot water were not effective in improving seed germination of tamarind. The highest number leaf, length of shoot and root, fresh and dry weight of stem and root was observed in potassium nitrate at 1% for 24h followed by potassium nitrate at 2%. Therefore, the results showed that pre-treatment of seed with potassium nitrate 1% for 24h is effective way to improve seed germination and early growth of tamarind.
maryam Boroujerdnia; seyed samih marashi; seyyed naser Mousavi
Abstract
This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) of Medjool cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient ...
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This study evaluated different methods of improving seed germination in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) of Medjool cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated four times. Treatments were consisting of distilled water for 24 h at ambient temperature, potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 0.5 and 1% for 24 h, sulphuric acid (50% H2SO4) for 3 min, sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 3, 5 and 10 min, boiling water for 5 and 10 min and control(seeds were not treated). The best seed germination and seedling growth were obtained in seed soaking treatments in distilled water and potassium nitrate. The greatest percentage and speed germination was observed in treatment of potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 0.5 % for 24 h. The seeds treated with boiling water for 5 and 10 min and sulphuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 3, 5 and 10 min, did not germinate at all. The lowest Mean time to germination was obtained in distilled water for 24h that had no significant difference with distilled water for 48h, potassium nitrate (0.5 and 1%) for 24h. The highest fresh and dry weight of stem was observed in distilled water for 48 h treatment. The greatest root length was related to control, distilled water (48h) and potassium nitrate (1%) treatments. There was no significant difference between the treatments in shoot height. Therefore, pre-treatment of seeds with distilled water or potassium nitrate effective way to improve seed germination of date palm.
Behrooz Salehi-Eskandari; Mohsen Kaviani
Abstract
Astragalus, is one of perennial and various species which is expanded in an Iranian’s ranges. In regard to the expansion of plant shoot in grassland with steep, we can use it to prevent soil erosion. Also, we use some species of Astragalus to gum tragacanth extract. This study aimed to identify ...
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Astragalus, is one of perennial and various species which is expanded in an Iranian’s ranges. In regard to the expansion of plant shoot in grassland with steep, we can use it to prevent soil erosion. Also, we use some species of Astragalus to gum tragacanth extract. This study aimed to identify methods of dormancy breaking and characters of germination in four species that was designed. Seeds of four species A. brevidens, A. podolobus, A. caragana, and A. cyclophyllus were purchased from the Seeds Institute of the name of Isfahan Pakan Bazr. Treatments used for the experiment were dry chilling for 15 and 30 days, moist chilling for 15 and 30 days, scarification with sandpaper, and gibberellic acid (GA3, four levels). The results demonstrated that treatments of scarification and moist chilling for 15 days are the most effective treatments to increase seed germination. The majority of species moist chilling for 15 days can significantly increase the germination index while minimum germination index belongs to scarification, which consequently increased the mean germination time. Between the species, the A .caragana has the most germination percentage and germination index, which shows the highest compatibility of this species to the ecological condition in an Iranian Ranges.
Ali Jalilian; Samira Asgari; Saeid Jalali Honarmand; Mahmoud Khoramivafa; Aziz Moradi
Abstract
This experiment was conducted at Mehrgan Agricultural Research Station, Kermansha, Iran, in 2012. The maize parents of hybrid 704 cultivar was cultivated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments includes: 1-ammonium nitrate (1/3 before planting and 2/3 after planting) ...
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This experiment was conducted at Mehrgan Agricultural Research Station, Kermansha, Iran, in 2012. The maize parents of hybrid 704 cultivar was cultivated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments includes: 1-ammonium nitrate (1/3 before planting and 2/3 after planting) 2-solupotas 3-iron chelate, 4-zinc sulfate, 5-manganes sulfate 6- boric acid, 7- Combine treatments 1 to 6 with each other. 8- Combine treatments 1 and 2 with each other. 9- Combine treatments 3 to 6 with each other. 10- Control (without spraying). The applied treatments were sprayed in three stages: 1- growth stage from 6 to 8 leaves 2- maximum leaf area index 3- after pollination. The length of plots was 7 meters and width was 4.5 meters (including 4 mother line and 2 father line) with spacing rows of 75 cm and plant spacing on the 18 cm row. The cultivation was carried out on May 1 and irrigation system was sprinkler. The treats measured was include macro and micro elements in seed, germination percentage, seedling vigor index (SVI), germination rate and Seedling growth rate (SGR) for each treatment. The results showed that foliar application did not significantly differ in the amount of nutrients in corn seed. Despite the lack of significant difference in the amount of nutrients in the seed, seedling growth and germination rate were superior in some treatments, so that the highest seedling growth was observed in potassium spraying treatment. The highest rate of germination was also due to spraying with high consumption elements.
Rozita Kabiri; Ali Hatami; Hakimeh Oloumi; Mehdi Naghizadeh; Fatemeh Nasibi; Zahra Tahmasebi
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of melatonin pretreatment on germination, early seedling growth and some physiological characteristics of Dracocephalum moldavica under osmotic stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with 25 treatments and three replications. ...
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To evaluate the effect of melatonin pretreatment on germination, early seedling growth and some physiological characteristics of Dracocephalum moldavica under osmotic stress, an experiment was conducted in a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with 25 treatments and three replications. The experimental treatments were including different concentrations of melatonin (0, 5, 10, 50 and 100 µmol) and osmotic stress (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa). The seeds of moldavian balm which were primed with different concentrations of melatonin for 24 hours, then in order to germination test under osmotic stress, they transferred into sterile petri dishes which contain 10 ml PEG. Results showed that increasing in stress caused reducing of germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight, seed vigor index, radicle length, radicle dry weight, shoot length, shoot dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, protein content ,increasing and soluble sugar content. Seed priming with melatonin caused an increase of plant tolerance to osmotic stress. Melatonin caused the increment of germination percentage and rate of germination, seed vigor index and ultimately enhanced dry weight of moldavian balm seedlings under stress condition. The seeds which were pretreated with higher concentrations of melatonin (50 and 100 µmol) showed an increasing of physiological characteristics (photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar content and protein) under stress condition compared to control. No germination was observed in seeds which were pretreated with distilled water at the levels of -0.6 and -0.8 MPa, while the concentrations of 50 and 100 µmol melatonin caused a seed germination at all levels of osmotic stress.
Abstract
Given that the seed germination of Chinese parasol tree (Firmiana simplex L.) and hence its propagation is experiencing difficulties, therefore, this study investigates the factors limiting seed germination of mentioned tree and how to troubleshoot them are discussed. This experiment was conducted in ...
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Given that the seed germination of Chinese parasol tree (Firmiana simplex L.) and hence its propagation is experiencing difficulties, therefore, this study investigates the factors limiting seed germination of mentioned tree and how to troubleshoot them are discussed. This experiment was conducted in 2014 in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement with three replications in the laboratory of Horticultural Science Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources of Iran. In order to remove physical dormancy (impermeable seed coat) mechanical scarification treatments with fine sand (shaking seeds and building sand for 5, 10 and 15 minutes), hot water (70 °C) and acid (treatments of seeds with solution of concentrated sulfuric acid for 1, 5 and 10 minutes and then rinse by tap water for 20 minutes) were used. Moreover to remove the physiological dormancy, stratification of seeds were applied for 30, 45 and 60 days in 3-6oC. The results showed that the highest percentage of seed germination was related to scarification by sand (78%) for 15 minutes and stratification for 30 days. The lowest seed germination rate among all treatments was related to control (4.6%). In overall, it can be concluded from various treatments which used to break dormancy in seeds of Firmiana simplex, it is clear that the seeds of mentioned tree include dual seed dormancy, including seed coat and embryo dormancy. The results also showed seedling establishment of 86.6 % related to combination of scarification and stratification in the mentioned treatment has been much higher than other treatments, specially control (without scarification).
Davoud Kartoolinejad; Derakhshan Rahimi; Kazem Nourmohammadi; Reza Naghdi
Abstract
Current research aimed to evaluate the effect of nano priming using multi-walled carbon nanotubes on drought tolerance of Caucasian alder. This study was employed a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications. Drought stress was applied in the laboratory, using a solution ...
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Current research aimed to evaluate the effect of nano priming using multi-walled carbon nanotubes on drought tolerance of Caucasian alder. This study was employed a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications. Drought stress was applied in the laboratory, using a solution of polyethylene glycol 6000 at 0, -2, -4, -6, and -8 bar on the primed seeds with concentrations of 0, 10, 30, 50 and 100 mg l-1 of carbon nanotubes. The results showed significant effect of nano priming and drought stress on germination factors such as germination rate and percentage, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight and root to shoot fresh weight at the probability of 99%. The highest germination rate and percentage at all levels of drought stress, was related to100 mg l-1 of nano carbon treatment. The highest fresh weight of root and shoot at all levels of drought stress was related to 30 mg l-1 of nano carbon treatment. According to the results of this experiment it could be concluded that nano-priming improve seed germination characteristics of alder tree under drought stress.
V. Amiri Monfared; A. Hashemi; A. Mamedi; R. Tavakkol Afshari
Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify the response of germination rate to temperature and to find cardinal temperatures required for different germination percentiles in Papaver somniferum. Four models of non-linear regression [Quadratic, Segmented, Beta and Dent-like] were evaluated to describe the ...
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The aim of this study was to quantify the response of germination rate to temperature and to find cardinal temperatures required for different germination percentiles in Papaver somniferum. Four models of non-linear regression [Quadratic, Segmented, Beta and Dent-like] were evaluated to describe the relationships between germination rate and temperature of P. somniferum over 7 constant temperatures (3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ˚C). Different statistical indices [Root Mean Squares of Error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2)] were used to compare models performance. The Dent-like was found to be the best model to predict germination rate (RMSE=000.35, R2=0.87). The base, sub optimum, supra optimum and the ceiling temperatures for P.somniferum seed germination were estimated 3, 7, 20 and 31˚C, respectively. The cardinal temperatures depended on the model used for their estimation. Overall, Dent-like was better suited than the other models to estimate the cardinal temperatures for germination of P. somniferum seed. The highest germination percentage (72) and germination rate (0.86) was observed in 10 and 15 ˚C, respectively.
F. Bahramian; A. Abbasi Surki; A. Jamali Zavare; F. Sharifzadeh
Abstract
Bio-priming and application of bio-fertilizer has special importance in crop production and sustainable soil fertility. Growth and quality improvement with environment-friendly microorganism have been proved in crops. In order to evaluation of bio-priming possibility in seed improvement of sugar beet ...
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Bio-priming and application of bio-fertilizer has special importance in crop production and sustainable soil fertility. Growth and quality improvement with environment-friendly microorganism have been proved in crops. In order to evaluation of bio-priming possibility in seed improvement of sugar beet cultivars, effects of two bacteria species including Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida on seed germination and growth indices were evaluated. Experiment was directed as factorial in randomized complete block design with four replication, there in experimental factors were bacteria species including Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida and no bacteria as control for first factor, and beet cultivars including Pars, Torbat and line 31782 as second factor. Germination percentage affected with cultivar, bio-priming and their interaction, but germination rate was only affected by bio-priming. The highest germination percentage and was related to Pseudomonas putida and Pars cultivar. Application of bacteria increased germination rate versus control. Other mean comparison showed that Pseudomonas fluorescens increased root length, shoot length and seedling length and Pars and Torbat cultivars has more root and shoot length rather than Line 31782. Bio-prime with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida enhanced Vigor Index I, but Vigor Index II was only affected by cultivar. Pars and Torbat cultivar had higher germination traits and Vigor Index I and II to Line 31782 and showed more reactions to treatments. Generally, Bio-primingtreatments affected sugar beet cultivars versus control. Both bacterial strain act identically but Pseudomonas putida had more effects on cv. Pars.
Mohammad Barzali
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. ...
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In order to evaluate of picking time and vertical distribution of bolls effects on some seed germination and vigor traits and seedling field emergence of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Sahel cultivar, two experiments were conducted in Golestan province during 2011-2012 in farm and a laboratory phases. In first, farm phases were carried out in factorial experiment based on a complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and two factors. Factors levels was boll picking time (first and second picking) and vertical distribution of bolls (lower, middle and upper parts). Germination and vigor tests was surveyed on these seeds and in second farm study, same seeds was planted under first year farm experiment procedure in order to evaluating of seedling filed emergence percentage, main root length of seedling and seedling vigor index under field condition. Analysis of variance of the first year of the study showed that picking time and vertical distribution of boll had only significant effect on the percent of seed germination but their interaction effect on germinated seed percentage after accelerated ageing test, seed electrical conductivity, germination percent in cool germination test, germination percent in warm germination test and cool warm vigor index were significant. Mean comparison of studied traits indicated that seed volume and seed bulk density of first picking bolls in compare to second picking bolls had effectively more values and seed germination percentage of first picking and middle-located bolls promoted the highest germination percentage. Evaluating of the seed vigor tests results under factors interaction (picking time × vertical distribution of bolls) revealed in accelerated ageing test, the seeds of lower and middle bolls had better germination percentage in compare to other treatments. Results of seedling filed emergence percentage under filed circumstance was indicated that seeds of middle bolls had highest seedling filed emergence percentage but there was no significant different between lower and upper boll seeds on seedling root length size. The highest correlation among germinated seed percentage under field condition was seen with cool germination results. Outcomes of this study were indicated in order to produce high quality seed germination and seed vigor of cotton Sahel cultivar, seed can be removed in first picking and middle bolls
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 81-96
Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers on yield and seed quality criteria of Calendula officinalisL., seeds of a field experiment under application of two levels of cattle manure (without and with 20 t ha-1) and four levels of bacterial inoculant (containing N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizerbacteria, ...
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In order to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers on yield and seed quality criteria of Calendula officinalisL., seeds of a field experiment under application of two levels of cattle manure (without and with 20 t ha-1) and four levels of bacterial inoculant (containing N-fixing bacteria, P solubilizerbacteria, mixture of bacteria and control) were evaluated for seed quality criteria in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications in Medicinal Plant Laboratory of Department of Horticultural Sciences and Landscape, University of Tehran in 2010 and 2011. Then, 1000 seed weight, seed yield and dimension and seed germination quality criteria such as seed germination percentage, rate and uniformity, time to 95% germination, seedling weight and length and seed vigour index were investigated. Results indicated that interaction effect of manure and bacterial inoculant caused significantly the highest 1000 seed weight and seed yield in both years. Nearly, all criteria related to seed dimension affected by cow manure and also bacterial inoculants in both years. Also, application of cow manure significantly affected seed germination percentage, seedling length and seed vigour index (both years) and inoculation of seed by plant growth promotion bacteria showed significant effects on seed germination percentage, seedling length and seed vigour index (both years) and seed germination uniformity, time to 95% germination and seedling weight (first year). In general, using cattle manure and also plant growth promotion bacteria resulted in the highest amount of all measured criteria compared to non application of manure and bacterial inoculants.
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 61-72
Abstract
The assessment of medicinal plants tolerance is very important for cultivation of them in saline areas. Salicylic acid is a growth regulator which its role was investigated in plants tolerance to environmental stresses such as salinity.In order to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid on early seed ...
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The assessment of medicinal plants tolerance is very important for cultivation of them in saline areas. Salicylic acid is a growth regulator which its role was investigated in plants tolerance to environmental stresses such as salinity.In order to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid on early seed germination andseedling growth of black cumin (Nigella sativa) under salt stress, an experimentwas conducted in a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with 15 treatments and three replications. The experimental treatments were including different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mM) and salinity (0, 50 and 100 mM). The seeds of black cumin which were primed with different concentrations of salicylic acid for 24 hour, for germination test under salt stress, they transferred into sterile petri dishes which contain 10 ml NaCl. Results revealed a significant reduction in germination percentage and rate, seedling dry weight, seed vigor index, radicle length, radicle fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight with increasing salinity stress. Pretreatment with salicylic acid caused an increase of plant tolerance to salinity stress. The application of salicylic acid greatly caused the increment of germination percentage and rateand enhanced fresh and dry weight of black cumin under salt stress. It seems that higher concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5 up to 1 mM) caused an increase of all mentioned traits under normal and stress conditions.
Volume 4, Issue 1 , March 2015, , Pages 109-118
Abstract
Proper nutrition of mother plant plays an important role in the production of seeds with high vigor. Therefore, a factorial experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 3 replications to study the germination characteristics of cumin seeds which harvested from mother plants ...
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Proper nutrition of mother plant plays an important role in the production of seeds with high vigor. Therefore, a factorial experiment was done in a completely randomized design with 12 treatments and 3 replications to study the germination characteristics of cumin seeds which harvested from mother plants treated with different amounts of vermicompost and mycorrhiza fertilizers, in the Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran, in 2013. Vermicompost treatments consisted of three levels (0, 5 and 10 tons per hectare), and mycorrhiza fungi consisted of 4 levels (control, inoculation with Glomusmossae, inoculation with Glomusintraradices and inoculation with both species). For most of the germination traits, as well as seed nitrogen and phosphorus content, the effects of vermicompost and mycorrhiza were significant. Results showed that the highest radicle length (2.57 cm), plumule length (1.61 cm) and vigor index (3.069) of the seeds was achieved by application of 10 ton vermicompost with G. mosseae, the highest seed nitrogen and phosphorus content observedin the application of 10 tons of vermicompost plus inoculation with two fungi, the largest seedling length was observed in application of 10 ton/ha vermicompost without mycorrhiza, the highest germination rate in the treatment of application 5 ton vermicompost without mycorrhiza and the highest germination percentage were obtainedin treatment of 5 tons vermicompost and G. mosseaeOverall, the results of this experiment showed that application of vermicompost and mycorrhiza especially combined treatment of 10 ton/ha verrmicompost plus G. mosseae and G.intraradices could increase uptake of nutritional elements such as nitrogen and phosphorous to seeds and therefore enhance germination performance in cumin seeds.
Volume 2, Issue 2 , December 2013, , Pages 127-134
Abstract
The aim of the this study was to investigate the allelopathic effect of aerial and underground tissues of mountain sagebrush (Artemisia aucheri) on seed germination properties, seedling length, number of leaves, seedling dry weight and seed vigor of Festuca arundinaseae species. For this purpose, ...
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The aim of the this study was to investigate the allelopathic effect of aerial and underground tissues of mountain sagebrush (Artemisia aucheri) on seed germination properties, seedling length, number of leaves, seedling dry weight and seed vigor of Festuca arundinaseae species. For this purpose, species of Ar. aucheri selected from Taleghan rangelands in Tehran Province. Then for 72 hours aerial and underground issues were exposed to direct sunlight. After air drying, obtained powder was used to do the experiment. The provided powder of 3, 6 and 9 grams from aerial and underground tissues of sagebrush mountion (Ar. aucheri) was mixed with 900 grams of sand in pots and arranged in a completely randomized with four replications. 10 seeds from Festucaarundinaceae were planted in each pot to 2-3 cm depth and germination percentage, germination rate, mean germination time, seeding length, leaf number, seedling weight and seed vigor was measured. Result showed that above ground and underground parts of Ar. Aucheri reducted germination and vigor characteristics of Festuca arundinaseae. Comparing the influence of aboveground and underground tissues revealed that root effectiveness was more than shoot.Regardless of the type of Artemisia effective compounds, characteristics of this plant on seed germination and early growth of seedlings Festucaarundinaceae have adverse effects that can be considered seriously in developing culture program of these two plants.
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2012, , Pages 147-160
Abstract
To study the effects of mother plant delayed sowing date on seed germination and seed vigor of 10 spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted in two years (2006-2007). In the first year, 10 cultivars of spring rapeseed were planted in research field of seed and Plant Improvement Institute, ...
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To study the effects of mother plant delayed sowing date on seed germination and seed vigor of 10 spring rapeseed cultivars, an experiment was conducted in two years (2006-2007). In the first year, 10 cultivars of spring rapeseed were planted in research field of seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran, in two dates: 7th October (on time sowing) and 6th November (delayed sowing date). In the second year, standard germination test and electrical conductivity test were conducted to study seed performance grown in first year experiment. A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design was used. According to the results, the seeds of two Sowing dates were significantly different on the point of 1000 seed weight, seed density, length and dry weight of seedling, radical and plumule, germination percentage, germination rate index, seedling vigor index and electrical conductivity. In addition, the effect of cultivar was significant on seed density, dry weight of plumule and seedling, seedling vigor index and electrical conductivity. The seeds of on time planting date had higher seed vigor than delayed sowing date. Elite cv had high seed weight than other cultivar. The seed weight could be used as a valuable index to determine seed vigor